ations of arithmetic operations. It has two major branches, differential calculus (concerning instantaneous rates of change and slopes of curves),[2] and integral calculus (concerning accumulation of quantities and the areas under and between curves).[3] These two branches are related to each other by the fundamental theorem of calculus. Both branches make use of the fundamental notions of convergence of infinite sequences and infinite series to a well-defined limit. Generally, modern calculus is considered to have been developed in the 17th century by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.[4] Today, calculus has widespread uses in science, engineering, and economics.[5][better source needed]