Knowledge in aids disease
CROHN'S & COLITIS
CROHN'S & COLITISCrohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC), both also known as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), are autoimmune diseases in which the body’s immune system attacks the intestines, resulting in intestinal inflammation, abdominal pain and bleeding.Crohn’s disease and UC differ primarily in where the inflammation occurs. In UC, inflammation is contiguous and limited to the lining (or “mucosa”) of the colon. Crohn’s disease can be patchy, and can involve any location in the GI tract, but most commonly involves the last part of the small intestine (called the ileum) and the colon. Inflammation in Crohn’s can burrow beneath the mucosa, causing scarring, abscesses or leaking holes called fistulas.IBD affects approximately 1.6 million Americans (1 in 200), evenly divided between Crohn’s disease and UC, and between men and women. These diseases usually appear in young people, leading to many years of suffering and disability. IBD is more common in northern latitudes, like the Pacific Northwest, where an estimated 50,000 patients are thought to reside. Some likely factors that contribute to this geographic effect are vitamin D deficiency from lack of natural sunlight, genetic predisposition in the North European/Scandinavian heritage, and unknown environmental triggers.
Yimpangakum Imsong
Lupus
LUPUSSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease which can affect the joints, skin, kidney and other organs of the body. It may affect as many as 1 in 1,000 people, and typically affects women of child-bearing age, although men as well as children and older persons may be affected.Lupus flares can range from mild to severe, often resulting in periods in which the disease is relatively quiescent. However, in intense and complex forms, it may cause significant disability or even death.Currently, no cures or remission-inducing therapies truly exist for lupus, and treatment often involves corticosteroids or other immunosuppressants. At BRI, research programs study the cells which regulate lupus in an effort to further understanding of disease pathogenesis, translating these findings into therapeutic targets. In addition, clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate novel therapies in this disease.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITISRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system mistakenly begins to attack its own tissues, primarily the synovium, the membrane that lines the joints. As a result of this autoimmune response, fluid builds up in the joints, causing joint pain and systemic inflammation.RA is a chronic disease in which most people experience intermittent periods of intense disease activity punctuated by periods of reduced symptoms or even remission. In the long term, RA can cause damage to cartilage, tendons, ligaments and bones which can lead to substantial loss of mobility.An estimated 1.5 million people in the United States have RA—almost 1 percent of the nation’s adult population. There are nearly three times as many women as men with the disease. In women, RA most commonly begins between the ages of 30 and 60. In addition, as many as 300,000 children are diagnosed with a distinct but related form of inflammatory arthritis called juvenile arthritis.
Process of Dispersion Trench
Process of Dispersion Trench with proper labelling and diagram
Syed Sadique Hussain
Method of Distribution
Method of Distribution
Distribution system and layout of distribution system
Distribution system and layout of distribution