Knowledge in Logic & Mathematics
Does Rational Thinking Depend on the Culture
This project lays an emphasis on the effects of culture and surrounding on Rational Thinking.
Sai Kumar Gorantla
A New way, The Area of Trapezium
A New way, The Area of Trapezium by Piyush Goel Lot of mathematicians have proved Pythagoras theorem in their own ways. If you google it you will indeed found hundred of ways. Meanwhile I was also sure that maybe one day I could find something new out of this incredible Pythagoras theorem and Recently I got something which I would like to share with you. To Prove: Deriving the equation of area of trapezium using Arcs Proof: There is a triangle ABC with sides a b and c as shown in the figure. Now, Area of ∆ BCEG = Area of ∆ BDC +Area of ⌂ DCEF + Area of ∆ EFG c^2=ac/2+ Area of ⌂ DCEF + (c-b) c/2 (2c^2– ac –c^2+ bc )/2=Area of ⌂ DCEF (c^2– ac+ bc )/2=Area of ⌂ DCEF c(c– a+ b)/2=Area of ⌂ DCEF Area of ⌂ DCEF=BC(DE+CF)/2 Copyrighted©PiyushGoel
Himesh Bhai
How the Factorial Function came into Existence.
A note on the Factorial Function Write down 0,1,2,3,4,5 and put parallel square of each number like 0,1,4,9,16,25, then start to subtract the bigger one to the lower one (1–0),(4–1),(9–4),(16–9) and (25–16) to get 1,3,5,7,9 and again subtract the bigger one to the lower one (3–1),(5–3),(7–5) and (9–7) to get (2,2,2,2). Again we squared each number, at the same time we cubed each number (0,1,8,27,64,125,216) and the same procedure follows, subtract the bigger one to the lower one (1–0),(8–1),(27–8),(64–27) ,(125–64) and(216–125) to get (1,7,19,37,61,91) and again (7–1),(19–7),(37–19),(61–37) and (91–61), to get (6,12,18,24,30) same again(12–6),(18–12),24–18) and (30–24) till the result come out here we get (6,6,6,6). At the same time if we do it again for 4 and 5 (power).When we get 2 for 2 ,6 for 3 ,24 for 4 and 120 for 5. The result is the factorial function. https://piyushtheorem.wordpress.com/2017/02/08/a-note-on-the-factorial-function/
Graph Theory
Graph is a mathematical representation of a network and it describes the relationship between lines and points. A graph consists of some points and lines between them. The length of the lines and position of the points do not matter. Each object in a graph is called a node. A graph ‘G’ is a set of vertex, called nodes ‘v’ which are connected by edges, called links ‘e'. Thus G= (v , e). Vertex (Node): A node v is an intersection point of a graph. It denotes a location such as a city, a road intersection, or a transport terminal (stations, harbours, and airports). Edge (Link): An edge e is a link between two nodes. A link denotes movements between nodes. It has a direction that is generally represented as an arrow. If an arrow is not used, it means the link is bi-directional.Transport geography can be defined by a graph. Most networks, namely road, transit, and rail networks, are defined more by their links than by nodes. But it is not true for all transportation networks. For instance, air networks are defined more by their nodes than by their links since links are mostly not clearly defined. A telecommunication system can also be represented as a network. Mobile telephone networks or the internet is the considered the most complex graph. However, cell phones and antennas can be represented as nodes whereas links could be individual phone calls. The core of the internet or servers can also be represented as nodes while the physical infrastructure between them, like fiber optic cables, can act as links. This suggests that all transport networks can be represented by graph theory in some way.
Udit Kumar
Number Theory
Number theory is a branch of pure mathematics devoted to the study of the natural numbers and the integers. It is the study of the set of positive whole numbers which are usually called the set of natural numbers. As it holds the foundational place in the discipline, Number theory is also called "The Queen of Mathematics".The number theory helps discover interesting relationships between different sorts of numbers and to prove that these are true . Number Theory is partly experimental and partly theoretical. Experimental part leads to questions and suggests ways to answer them. The theoretical part tries to devise an argument which gives a conclusive answer to the questions. Here are the steps to follow: 1. Accumulate numerical data 2. Examine the data and find the patterns and relationships. 3. Formulate conjectures that explain the patterns and relationships. 4. Test the conjectures by collecting additional data and check whether the new information fits or not 5. Devise an argument that conjectures are correct. All the steps are important in number theory and in mathematics. A scientific theory is an ability to predict the outcome of experiments. In mathematics one requires the step of a proof, that is, a logical sequence of assertions, starting from known facts and ending at the desired statement.
Piyush Theorem
PiyushTheorem PiyushTheorem: In a Right-Angled Triangle with sides in A.P. Series, the distance between the point of intersection of median & altitude at the base is 1/10 Th the sum of other two sides. This Theorem applies in Two Conditions: 1.The Triangle must be Right-Angled. 2.Its Sides are in A.P. Series. 1.Proof with Trigonometry Tan α =AD/DC AD= DC Tan α —————–1 Tan α = AD/DE AD= DE Tan2 α —————-2 DC Tan α = DE Tan 2 α (DE+EC) Tan α = DE Tan 2 α DE Tan α + EC Tan α = DE Tan 2 α DE Tan α + EC Tan α = 2 DE Tan α / (1- Tan2 α ) DE Tan α – DE Tan3 α + EC Tan α –EC Tan3 α = 2DE Tan α EC Tan α –EC Tan3 α – DE Tan3 α = 2DE Tan α – DE Tan α Tan α (EC – EC Tan2 α – DE T an2 α )= DE Tan α DE Tan2 α – DE = EC Tan2 α – EC -DE ( Tan2 α + 1) = -EC (1 – Tan2 α ) DE (sin2 α /cos2 α + 1) = EC (1- sin2 α /cos2 α ) DE (sin2 α + cos2 α /cos2 α ) = EC (cos2 α – sin2 α /cos2 α ) DE (sin2 α + cos2 α ) = EC(cos2 α –sin2 α ) DE (sin2 α + cos2 α ) = EC (cos2 α –sin2 α ) where (sin2 α + cos2 α =1) & (cos2 α –sin2 α = cos2 α ) DE= EC cos2 α cos α =a/a+d & sin α = (a-d)/ (a +d) cos2 α = a2/ (a +b) 2 sin2 α = (a-d) 2/ (a+ d) 2 DE= EC (cos2 α – sin2 α ) = EC (a2 / (a +b) 2 – (a-d) 2/ (a +d) 2 = EC (a2 – (a-d) 2/ (a +d) 2 = EC (a –a +d) (a+ a-d)/ (a+ d) 2 = EC (d) (2a -d)/ (a+ d) 2 = (a +d)/2(d) (2a -d)/ (a +d) 2 ————- where EC= (a +d)/2 = (d) (2a -d)/2(a +d) = (d) (8d -d)/2(4d+d) ——————where a= 4d (as per the Theorem) = 7d2 /2(5d) = 7d /10 = (3d+4d)/10= (AB+AC)/10 2.Proof with Obtuse Triangle Theorem AC2=EC2 +AE2 +2CE.DE where EC = ( a +d) /2,AE=( a +d)/2 a2 = (a +d/2)2 + (a+ d/2)2 + 2(a +d)/2DE = (a +d/2) (a+d+2DE) = (a +d/2) (a+d+2DE) where a=4d 16d2 = (5d/2) (5d+2DE) 32d/5 = 5d + 2DE 32d/5 – 5d = 2DE 32d -25d/5 = 2DE DE =7d/10 = (3d+4d)/10 = (AB+AC)/10 3.Proof with Acute Triangle Theorem AB2= AC2+BC2 – 2BC.DC (a-d) 2= a2 + (a+ d) 2 -2(a+ d) (DE+EC) where AB= (a-d), AC=a, BC =( a +d) & EC= (a +d)/2 (a-d) 2 – (a +d)2 = a2 -2(a +d)(DE+EC) (a- d –a-d) (a -d +a +d) = a2 -2(a+ d) (2DE+a+d)/2 2(-2d) (2a) = 2a2 -2(a +d) (2DE+a+d) -8ad – 2a2 = -2(a +d) (2DE+a+d) -2a (4d +a) = -2(a +d) (2DE+a+d) a (4d + a) = (a +d)(2DE+a+d) 4d (4 d + 4d) = (4d+d) (2DE+4d+d) 4d (8d) = (5d) (2DE+5d) 32d2/5d = (2DE+5d) 32d/5 = (2DE+5d) 32d/5 – 5d = 2DE (32d – 25d)/5 = 2 DE DE = 7d/10 = (3d+4d)/10 = (AB+AC)/10 4. Proof with Co-ordinates Geometry Equation of BE Y – 0 =b-0/0-a(X – a) Y = -b/a(X) + b——————- (1) M1 = -b/a For perpendicular M1M2= -1 So M2=a/b Equation of AC Y – 0 = a/b(X-0) Y=a/b(X) —————— (2) Put Y value in equation (1) a/b(X) + b/a(X) =b X (a2+b2/a b) = b X = ab2/ (a2 + b2) To get Value of Y, put X value in equation (2) Y = a/b (ab2/ (a2+b2) Y = a2b/ (a2+b2) Here we got co-ordinates of Point C – ab2/ (a2 + b2), a2b/ (a2+b2) and co-ordinates of point d is (a/2, b/2) because d is midpoint. As per the “Theorem” a=z-d, b=z, c = z+ d (z +d) 2= (z-d) 2+z2 from here z=4d so a=3d and b=4d Put value of a & b ab2/ (a2 + b2), a2b/ (a2+b2) & (a/2, b/2) ab2/ (a2 + b2) = 48d/25 a2b/ (a2+b2) = 36d/25 a/ 2=3d/2 b/ 2 =4d/2 CD2= (48d/25 -3d/2)2-(36d/25-4d/2)2 = (96d-75d/50)2 + (72d-100d/50)2 = (21d/50)2 + (-28d/50)2 = (441d2/2500) + (784d2/2500) = (1225d2/2500) CD= 35d/50 = 7d/10 = 7d/10 = (3d+4d)/10 = (AB+AE)/10 https://piyushtheorem.wordpress.com/2017/02/08/a-theorem-on-right-angled-triangles/
Annova
Application of annova and regression
Saurabh Pal
JCG Case study LP solution
Linear Programming and Its solution for the JCG case. its excel solution with the sensitivity analysis report .
Tanmay Kaviwala
Mathematics-I for KIIT University
Notes on Mathematics-1 for B.tech
Srijan Mehrotra
Numerical methods & Probability:The complete reference
Probability is the measure of the likelihood that an event will occur. See glossary of probability and statistics. Probability quantifies as a number between 0 and 1, where, loosely speaking, 0 indicates impossibility and 1 indicates certainty.In numerical analysis, a numerical method is a mathematical tool designed to solve numerical problems. The implementation of a numerical method with an appropriate convergence check in a programming language is called a numerical algorithm.The content provides a self explanatory insight on the subject.primarily for students of 2nd year.
Ishan Gupta
Derivatives
This file will help you gain a holistic view on the derivatives rule in mathematics and it will enhance your overall knowledge.
Rashid Imam
simple and compounding rate
This a set of question and answer file that will help you understand the rates and annuity in the business perspective.