Knowledge in botony

IMMUNO GLOBULIN

Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are glycoprotein molecules produced by plasma cells (white blood cells). They act as a critical part of the immune response by specifically recognizing and binding to particular antigens, such as bacteria or viruses, and aiding in their destruction.

Immunology

Immunology is the study of the immune system and is a very important branch of the medical and biological sciences. The immune system protects us from infection through various lines of defence. If the immune system is not functioning as it should, it can result in disease, such as autoimmunity, allergy and cancer.

Riccia

Riccia is a genus of liverworts in the order Marchantiales. These plants are small and thalloid, that is not differentiated into root, stem and leaf.

VDRL TEST

The VDRL test is a screening test for syphilis. It measures substances (proteins), called antibodies, which your body may produce if you have come in contact with the bacteria that cause syphilis. Blood is drawn from a vein (venipuncture), usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand.