Subham Bera

Student at University of Calcutta

COMPRESSOR

A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor. Compressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe. As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of a gas. Liquids are relatively incompressible; while some can be compressed, the main action of a pump is to pressurize and transport liquids. Many compressors can be staged, that is, the fluid is compressed several times in steps or stages, to increase discharge pressure. Often, the second stage is physically smaller than the primary stage, to accommodate the already compressed gas. Each stage further compresses the gas and increases pressure. Those that are powered by an electric motor can also be controlled using a VFD or power inverter, however many (hermetic and semi-hermetic) compressors can only work at certain speeds, since they may include built-in oil pumps. The oil pumps are connected to the same shaft that drives the compressor and forces oil into the compressor and motor bearings. At low speeds, insufficient quantities or no oil is forced into the bearings, eventually leading to bearing failure, while at high speeds, excessive amounts of oil may be lost from the bearings and compressor and potentially into the discharge line due to splashing. Eventually the oil runs out and the bearings are left unlubricated, again leading to failure, and the oil may contaminate the refrigerant, air or other working gas.

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

Electromagnetic radiation is any form of energy-carrying radiation created by the interaction of electric and magnetic fields. It comes in many different types, although the differences between them are quantitative rather than qualitative. This book lists the different types that are generally recognised. Electromagnetic radiation is a wave, so has a wavelength λ and a frequency ν. It is also composed of particles called photons, and each photon has an energy E. These three quantities are related, and any of them may be used to define the type of radiation. The properties of electromagnetic radiation were first investigated by James Clerk Maxwell in 1864. He realised that in a vacuum they would travel at the speed of light, and he correctly deduced that light is radiation of this form.

ULTRA-VIOLATE AND VISIBLE RADIATION

Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis or UV/Vis) refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflectance spectroscopy in part of the ultraviolet and the full, adjacent visible spectral regions. This means it uses light in the visible and adjacent ranges. The absorption or reflectance in the visible range directly affects the perceived color of the chemicals involved. In this region of the electromagnetic spectrum, atoms and molecules undergo electronic transitions. Absorption spectroscopy is complementary to fluorescence spectroscopy, in that fluorescence deals with transitions from the excited state to the ground state, while absorption measures transitions from the ground state to the excited state. THERE ARE SOME QUESTIONS WHICH CLEARS YOUR CONCEPT.

INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy or vibrational spectroscopy) is the measurement of the interaction of infrared radiation with matter by absorption, emission, or reflection. It is used to study and identify chemical substances or functional groups in solid, liquid, or gaseous forms. The method or technique of infrared spectroscopy is conducted with an instrument called an infrared spectrometer (or spectrophotometer) which produces an infrared spectrum. An IR spectrum can be visualized in a graph of infrared light absorbance (or transmittance) on the vertical axis vs. frequency or wavelength on the horizontal axis. Typical units of frequency used in IR spectra are reciprocal centimeters (sometimes called wave numbers), with the symbol cm−1. THERE ARE SOME QUES AND ANSWERS. IT MAY HELP U TO CLEAR YOUR CONCEPT.

PAINT INDUSTRY

Paint and coating manufacturing industry acts as an imperative and has a central role within certain segments of the economy since they endow with protective and enhancing finishes for various products in different end-use markets. Paints and coatings are utilized to cover up a considerable amount of products. Global coatings industry is firm and striving and further looking for developments by protecting the environment, being corrosion resistance, weather permanence, gloss and shine altogether in a single coat.

MO THEORY

Mechanical Engineering is also called as Mother of all the engineering Because all the engines which you see in the market, at the early stage They not developed as like today, at 17 or 18’s there steam engines exits which are now converted into the railway and now it works from the use of Electricity.. Mechanical engineering is one of the broadest and oldest branches of engineering. Mechanical engineers are involved with the design, analysis, testing, manufacturing, control, operation, and maintenance of mechanical systems.

FILTERS

Filter presses are batch wise operating pressure filters for the solid liquid separation of suspensions. They offer several distinct advantages, such as excellent separation quality and, compared to other dewatering equipment, high filter cake solid content. Subject to sludge volume, filtration characteristic, chemical composition and filter cake discharge behaviour, OFS provides an optimum machine design tailored to your individual process requirements

DIFFERENT OF HEATERS

heaters are used in a variety of processes where the temperature of an object or process needs to be increased. For example, lubricating oil need to be warmed before it is fed to a machine, or, a pipe might need heat tracing to prevent it from freezing in the cold. Electric heaters work by converting electrical energy into heat. The heat is then transferred to the process through various forms of heat transfer

EVAPORATER PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

THERE ARE SOME PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS ON EVAPORATER. HOPE IT WILL HELP YOU.

EVAPORATION ASSIGNMENT

THIS IS ANOTHER ASSIGNMENT WHICH CONTAINS EVAPORATION PROBLEMS AND SOLUTION. THIS MAY HELP U TO CLEAR THE CONCEPT.

SCREENING (MECHANICAL OPERATIONS)

Properly sizing a screen requires consideration of key material and machine characteristics, along with desired product specifications. The interplay of all these factors will determine the proper machine for the application, the screen media and the efficiency of the machine. Mechanical screening is much more complicated than taking a single feed stream and making two piles

COMPRESSIBLE FLOW

THIS IS A BASIC APPROACH IS VERY RELATED TO FLUID MECHANICS. THERE ARE SOME MATHEMATICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WHICH CLEARS YOUR CONCEPT.